{"id":1219,"date":"2021-01-11T18:05:24","date_gmt":"2021-01-11T18:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/?p=1219"},"modified":"2023-07-28T07:25:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T07:25:29","slug":"cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/","title":{"rendered":"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There was a specific surgical discipline of thoracic surgery by 1940. Its main focus was tuberculosis and bronchiectasis. It gradually evolved as a surgical treatment of organs inside the chest and rib cage that mainly includes lung (lung diseases), esophagus, and thymus.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oftentimes, thoracic surgery is interchangeably used with cardiothoracic surgery and cardiovascular surgery. However, all three of them are separate medical specialties and focus on different organs and human diseases. So, it would be wrong to call them one.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Who Performs Thoracic Surgeries?&nbsp;<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All surgeries that come under the umbrella of thoracic surgery are performed by highly-qualified and experienced thoracic surgeons or lung specialists.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At our thoracic surgery center (ICTS), DR. Aneej performs most of the thoracic surgeries. He is a senior thoracic surgeon with several years of experience in various thoracic surgeries. He is a well-known robot-assisted specialist of <\/span><b><a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/\">cardiothoracic surgery in Singapore<\/a>.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> By now, he has successfully performed a large number of thoracic and robotic surgeries at ICTS.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typically, a&nbsp; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/\"><b>thoracic surgeon <\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is someone who pursues years of medical education and training to become a fully qualified thoracic surgeon. It comprises an undergraduate degree (in pre-med), a medical degree, and years of practice.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>What Diseases and Conditions Does Thoracic Surgery Deal With?&nbsp;<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As we mentioned above, thoracic surgery deals with the organs inside the thorax (the chest) and rib cage. That means, it mainly treats lung, esophagus, thymus, and trachea related diseases. Such diseases include:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lung Cancer<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pleural effusion&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pneumothorax<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oesophageal cancer<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulmonary nodules<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tracheal tumors and tracheal stenosis<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thymoma and thymic carcinoma<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>What are the Possible Symptoms of Thoracic Diseases?&nbsp;<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thoracic diseases have different symptoms depending on what type of disease or medical condition it is. It also depends on the stage of the disease. They may be different for men and women as they depend on various factors.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Let\u2019s check out some most common lung diseases and their possible signs and symptoms.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Symptoms for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is commonly referred to as COPD. It is a group of progressive lung diseases that mainly includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. This lung disease blocks airflow and makes it difficult to breathe for the patient. The possible signs and symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) include:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chronic cough&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dry cough&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wheezing<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frequent respiratory infections<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fatigue&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chest pressure<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sudden weight loss&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of muscles&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Symptoms for Lung Cancer&nbsp;<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lung cancer is a life-threatening lung disease. It is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world. It is a type of cancer that begins in the lungs due to the uncontrollable growth of cells. Mainly, it occurs in those people who smoke and consume certain toxins. However, it can also occur in those people who have never smoked. It is a condition in which cells grow out of control.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The possible signs and symptoms for lung cancer often do not appear in the initial stage, but once it gets advanced, patients may experience:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dry cough (often with blood)<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chest pain<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wheezing&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sudden weight loss<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fatigue&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of appetite<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weakness&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frequent respiratory infections&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoarseness&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Symptoms of Pleural Effusion<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pleural effusion is also referred to as \u201cwater on lungs\u201d or \u201cfluid in the chest\u201d. There is an excessive fluid build-up between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The possible signs and symptoms of pleural effusion are:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coughing<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sharp chest pain&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Symptoms of Pneumothorax<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pneumothorax is a collapsed lung. It is a condition in which air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall. This leaked air puts pressure on the outside of your lung and makes it collapse.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The possible signs and symptoms of pleural effusion are:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sudden chest pain<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fast heart rate&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coughing&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Symptoms of Oesophageal Cancer<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oesophageal Cancer is a type of cancer that occurs anywhere in the esophagus (sometimes called food pipe or gullet). The esophagus is a tube that connects your mouth to your stomach. Oesophageal Cancer mainly occurs due to smoking and acidic reflux in your body.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The possible signs and symptoms of Oesophageal Cancer are:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Heartburn<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hoarseness<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unintentional weight loss<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chest pain<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coughing&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Indigestion<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Symptoms of Pulmonary Nodules<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pulmonary Nodules are also called \u201cLung Nodules.\u201d They are round-shaped small masses of tissue in the lungs. They can be spotted as round-shaped shadows on a chest X-Ray or computerized tomography. They can be cancerous.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The possible signs and symptoms of Pulmonary Nodules include:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wheezing&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coughing&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coughing up blood&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fever<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Symptoms of Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Thymoma and thymic carcinoma<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are conditions in which malignant cells form on the outside surface of the thymus (a small organ that lies in the upper chest under the breastbone).&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The patients with thymoma and thymic carcinoma do not have many symptoms. But they may experience the following symptoms:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Persistent cough&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortness of breath&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chest pain and pressure in the chest<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>What are the Most Common Causes of Lung Diseases?<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Different types of lung diseases occur due to different reasons. However, there are certain causes that are common for most lung diseases. Let\u2019s check out those common causes of lung diseases.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>The Most Common Causes of Lung Diseases<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smoking&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Air pollution<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Household elements that include asbestos, bird protein, mold, and radon&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain medical conditions such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, lupus, pulmonary vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, and undifferentiated connective tissue disease<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Certain treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Family history<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Types of Lung Screening and Lung Surgeries A Thoracic Surgeon Performs<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A thoracic surgeon performs different types of lung screening and surgeries for different lung diseases. A few of them are as follows:&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Early CT-CDT Screening&nbsp;<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Early CT-CDT lung screening is simply screening of your lungs to detect if you have any lung disease such as lung cancer. In this process, firstly, a thoracic surgeon performs a consultation session with you to discuss your problem and explain to you about the whole screening process. After that, the surgeon tests your blood to identify if you have an increased risk of lung cancer. He\/she also performs low-dose computed tomography (CT-Scan) to see the detailed image of your lungs and to identify if you have any lung disease. This scan is painless and done within a minute. After performing blood tests and scans, the surgeon reviews your scans and prepares a final report for further procedures.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Open Surgery For Lung Diseases<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open surgery for lung diseases is a type of surgery where a thoracic surgeon makes a cut in particular part of the chest of the patient, opens the chest, then performs the surgery on the lungs, esophagus, thymus, or trachea as required. This is the traditional method of lung surgery. According to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cardiothoracic_surgery\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wikipedia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it was discovered by Wilfred G. Bigelow of the University of Toronto.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These types of surgeries have certain limitations and pose risks such as:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They require big incisions on the chest&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can lead to too much blood loss<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can lead to a blood clot<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Slow recovery process&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Longer hospital stay&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Longer bed rest&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><b>Minimally-Invasive Surgery&nbsp;<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the name suggests, minimally-invasive surgery is a method of performing different surgical treatments with less blood loss, less pain, small incisions, a shorter hospital stay, and fewer complications. It is a recently developed and discovered method of performing surgical treatments.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this surgery, a surgeon uses different techniques and tools to minimize the possible damages to the patient's body. Robot-assisted or robotic surgery is one of the best and fastest adopted minimally-invasive surgeries.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In robotic surgery, a surgeon performs various surgeries using robots or machines. This leads to fewer damages to the patient\u2019s body.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is useful for both the patients and surgeons. Here are a few advantages of robotic surgery.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Advantages of Robotic Surgery for Patients<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It does not damage the patient\u2019s body&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It minimizes the blood loss<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It leads to less pain<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It does not lead to noticeable scars on the patient\u2019s body&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It promotes faster recovery&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It leads to fewer complications and risks<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It allows patients to have a short hospital stay<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It allows patients to easily survive the post-surgery period&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It does not lead to surgical site infection post-surgery<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Advantages of Robotic Surgery for Surgeons&nbsp;<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It provides flexibility to surgeons for conveniently and quickly performs the surgery&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It helps surgeons perform complex surgeries with more precision&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It provides full control to surgeons<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It helps surgeons avoid the mess on and around the surgical site<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are some of the widely adopted lung screening methods and lung surgeries that thoracic surgeons perform for different types of surgical treatments of lung, trachea, thymus, and esophagus related diseases.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the end, we hope this piece of comprehensive reading has been informative and useful for you. For such health and medical field related information, stay in touch with us. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There was a specific surgical discipline of thoracic surgery by 1940. Its main focus was tuberculosis and bronchiectasis. It gradually evolved as a surgical treatment of organs inside the chest [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1220,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"gutentor_comment":0,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know - International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know - International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"There was a specific surgical discipline of thoracic surgery by 1940. Its main focus was tuberculosis and bronchiectasis. It gradually evolved as a surgical treatment of organs inside the chest [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-01-11T18:05:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-28T07:25:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"668\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ICTS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ICTS\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ICTS\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6c95fbd04e28db344ebc2be595be1c42\"},\"headline\":\"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-11T18:05:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-28T07:25:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1540,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know - International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-01-11T18:05:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-28T07:25:29+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/01\\\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":668,\"caption\":\"Thoracic Surgery\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/\",\"name\":\"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/cropped-cropped-ICTS-Website-V3_Fav-Icon-192x192-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/08\\\/cropped-cropped-ICTS-Website-V3_Fav-Icon-192x192-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6c95fbd04e28db344ebc2be595be1c42\",\"name\":\"ICTS\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c4ff609a42c914a9578da1fd8e9d12c7a5fb4d026b0f00d4cdb8e4385ce23a9f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c4ff609a42c914a9578da1fd8e9d12c7a5fb4d026b0f00d4cdb8e4385ce23a9f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/c4ff609a42c914a9578da1fd8e9d12c7a5fb4d026b0f00d4cdb8e4385ce23a9f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"ICTS\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.icts.com.sg\\\/author\\\/hmadmin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know - International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know - International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore","og_description":"There was a specific surgical discipline of thoracic surgery by 1940. Its main focus was tuberculosis and bronchiectasis. It gradually evolved as a surgical treatment of organs inside the chest [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/","og_site_name":"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore","article_published_time":"2021-01-11T18:05:24+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-07-28T07:25:29+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":668,"url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"ICTS","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"ICTS","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/"},"author":{"name":"ICTS","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#\/schema\/person\/6c95fbd04e28db344ebc2be595be1c42"},"headline":"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know","datePublished":"2021-01-11T18:05:24+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-28T07:25:29+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/"},"wordCount":1540,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg","articleSection":["News"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/","url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/","name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know - International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg","datePublished":"2021-01-11T18:05:24+00:00","dateModified":"2023-07-28T07:25:29+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/become-a-cardiothoracic-surgeon.jpg","width":1000,"height":668,"caption":"Thoracic Surgery"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/cardiothoracic-surgery-everything-you-need-know\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgery- Everything You Need Know"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#website","url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/","name":"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#organization","name":"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore","url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cropped-cropped-ICTS-Website-V3_Fav-Icon-192x192-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/cropped-cropped-ICTS-Website-V3_Fav-Icon-192x192-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"International Centre for Thoracic Surgery in Singapore"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/#\/schema\/person\/6c95fbd04e28db344ebc2be595be1c42","name":"ICTS","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c4ff609a42c914a9578da1fd8e9d12c7a5fb4d026b0f00d4cdb8e4385ce23a9f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c4ff609a42c914a9578da1fd8e9d12c7a5fb4d026b0f00d4cdb8e4385ce23a9f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c4ff609a42c914a9578da1fd8e9d12c7a5fb4d026b0f00d4cdb8e4385ce23a9f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"ICTS"},"url":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/author\/hmadmin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1219"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3131,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1219\/revisions\/3131"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/glutenfreepleasure.com\/__proxy_domain\/www.icts.com.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}